Rupture or traumatic dislocation of cranial suture on infants, involvement of the lambdoidal accessory bones (Wormian bones): case presentation and analysis.

BACKGROUND: Sutural or Wormian bones are accessory bones of genetic and hereditary relevance, considered as ethnic and anatomical variables. Recently, they have been related to a certain type of congenital alterations such as osteogenesis imperfecta; however, there is no description in the literature of their involvement in skull fractures in infants. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a male patient aged 15 months who suffered a fall from the stairs of his home approximately 6 h before arrival in the emergency room. This fall of approximately 1 m in height and with an area of direct impact on the right occipito-parietal region with no apparent loss of consciousness. At admission, with a Glasgow of 14 for irritability with subgaleal hematoma and cranial endostosis on occipitoparietal region, no more neurological signs were present. A CT scan of the skull was performed showing an occipital-parietal discontinuity at the lambdoid suture, and the scan also showed that a displacement occurred below the thickness of the adjacent bone. In addition, radiographic evidence showed a high possibility of dural penetration and an area of adjacent hemorrhagic contusion. Due to these findings, a surgical approach was decided upon. The findings in the surgical procedure were a complete dislocation (rupture) of lambdoidal cranial suture on the occipital border of the accessory bone (Wormian bone) with dura mater tear on the rupture tracing. A craniotomy was performed with dural plasty without eventualities. Forty-eight hours after surgery, he was discharged home in a stable neurologic condition. CONCLUSIONS: The present report shows the implications of approaching this type of injury, which can be confused as a depressed skull fracture. There is no description in the literature of a sutural rupture associated with Wormian bones.

Minimally invasive spine surgery in the nuevo hospital civil de guadalajara "dr. juan i. menchaca" / Cirurgia de coluna minimamente invasiva no nuevo hospital civil de guadalajara "dr. juan i. menchaca" / Cirugía de columna mínimamente invasiva en el nuevo hospital civilde guadalajara "dr. juan i. menchaca"

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe our experience on a case series treated with minimal invasive techniques in spine surgery, with short-term follow-up and identify complications. Methods: A prospective analysis was performed on 116 patients operated on by the same team from September 2015 to June 2016. Evaluating the short-term follow-up we registered the surgical time, bleeding, complications, hospital stay, pre- and postoperatively neurological status, as well as scales of disability and quality of life. Demographic and surgical procedure data were analyzed with SPSS version 20 program. Results: A total of 116 patients with a mean age of 49.7 + 15.7 (21-85 years) underwent surgery being 76 (65%) with lumbar conditions and 37 (32%) with cervical conditions. The most common procedures were tubular discectomies (31), tubular bilateral decompression (17), lumbar MI-TLIFs (7), and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (35). The mean blood loss was 50.6 cc, the hospital stay was 1.7 day, pre- and postoperative pain VAS were 7.4 % and 2.3%, respectively, pre- and postoperative Oswestry (ODI) were 64.6% and 13.1%, respectively, pre- and postoperative SF-36 of 37.8% and 90.3%. There were no major complications, except for a surgical wound infection in diabetic patient and three incidental durotomies, one of these being a contained fistula, treated conservatively. Conclusions: The current tendency towards minimally invasive surgery has been justified on multiple studies in neoplastic and degenerative diseases, with the preservation of the structures that support the spine biomechanics. The benefits should not replace the primary objectives of surgery and its usefulness depends on the skills of the surgeon, pathology and the adequate selection of the techniques. We found that the tubular access allows developing techniques such as discectomy, corpectomy and fusion without limiting exposure, avoiding manipulation of adjacent structures, reducing complications and being feasible in a public hospital.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever nossa experiência em uma série de casos tratados por técnicas minimamente invasivas de cirurgia da coluna, o acompanhamento a curto prazo e identificar complicações. Métodos: Realizou-se análise prospectiva de 116 pacientes operados pela mesma equipe, de setembro de 2015 até junho de 2016. Avaliando o acompanhamento a curto prazo, foram registrados tempo cirúrgico, hemorragia, complicações, estadia hospitalar, estado neurológico pré e pós-operatório, além de escalas de incapacidade e qualidade de vida. Os dados demográficos e sobre o procedimento cirúrgico foram analisados com o programa SPSS versão 20. Resultados: Um total de 116 pacientes com média de idade de 49,7 + 15,7 (21 a 85 anos) foram operados, sendo 76 (65%) com afecção lombar e 37 (32%) com afecção cervical. Os procedimentos mais comuns foram discotomias tubulares (31), descompressão bilateral tubular (17), MI-TLIF (7) lombares; discotomia e artrodese anterior (35). O sangramento médio foi de 50,6 cm3, o tempo de hospitalização foi 1,7 dia, a escala EVA pré-cirúrgica foi 7,4 e a pós-cirúrgica 2,3, Oswestry (ODI) pré-cirúrgico de 64,6% e pós-cirúrgico de 13,1%, SF-36 pré-cirúrgico de 37,8% e pós-cirúrgico de 90,3%. Não houve grandes complicações, exceto uma infecção da ferida cirúrgica em paciente diabética e três durotomias incidentais um dos pacientes com fístula, uma delas contida, tratada de modo conservador. Conclusões: A tendência atual da cirurgia minimamente invasiva tem sido justificada em vários estudos sobre neoplasia e doenças degenerativas, preservando as estruturas da biomecânica da coluna vertebral. Os benefícios não devem substituir os objetivos primários e sua utilidade depende das habilidades do cirurgião, da patologia e do uso seletivo das técnicas. Constatamos que o acesso tubular permite desenvolver a técnica de discotomia, fusão e corpectomia sem limite de exposição, evitando manipulação de estruturas adjacentes, reduzindo as complicações e sendo viável em hospitais públicos.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir nuestra experiencia en una serie de casos tratados mediante técnicas mínimamente invasivas en cirugía de columna, su seguimiento a corto plazo e identificar las complicaciones. Métodos: Se realizó un análisis prospectivo en 116 pacientes intervenidos por el mismo equipo desde septiembre de 2015 a junio de 2016. Evaluando el seguimiento a corto plazo, se registró tiempo quirúrgico, sangrado, complicaciones, estancia hospitalaria, estado neurológico pre y post operatorio además de escalas de discapacidad y calidad de vida. Los datos demográficos y del procedimiento quirúrgico fueron analizados con el programa SPSS versión 20. Resultados: Un total de 116 pacientes con edad promedio de 49,7 + 15,7 (21 a 85 años), fueron intervenidos siendo 76 (65%) patologías lumbares y 37 (32%) cervicales. Los procedimientos más comunes fueron discectomías tubulares (31), descompresión bilateral tubular (17), MI-TLIF (7) lumbares; discectomía y artrodesis anterior (35). El promedio de sangrado fue 50,6 cc, estancia hospitalaria 1,7 día, escala EVA prequirúrgica 7,4 y posquirúrgica 2,3, Oswestry (ODI) prequirúrgico 64,6% y posquirúrgico 13,1%, SF-36 prequirúrgico 37,8% y posquirúrgico 90,3%. No hubo complicaciones mayores, excepto una infección de herida quirúrgica en paciente diabética y 3 durotomías incidentales, una de estas con fístula contenida, de manejo conservador. Conclusiones: La tendencia actual de la cirugía mínimamente invasiva se ha justificado en múltiples estudios en patología tumoral y degenerativa, con la conservación de estructuras para biomecánica de la columna. Los beneficios no deben reemplazar los objetivos primarios y su utilidad depende de las habilidades del cirujano, la patología, y el uso selectivo de las técnicas. Encontramos que el acceso tubular permite desarrollar la técnica de discectomía, fusión y corpectomía sin limitar la exposición, evitando manipulación de estructuras adyacentes, disminuyendo complicaciones y siendo factible en un hospital público.